SECTION1: INTRODUCTION

• Describe the features of Oracle Database 12c
• Describe the salient features of Oracle Cloud 12c
• Explain the theoretical and physical aspects of a relational database
• Describe Oracle server€™s implementation of RDBMS and object relational database management system (ORDBMS)

SECTION2: BASIC DATABASE CONCEPT AND SQL

• Basic history of database concept: DBMS, RDBMS, ORDBMS
• Advantage of ORACLE database and version information
• Interface tools usage: sqlplus, isqlplus, sqldeveloper, Toad
• SQL Language overview : DQL, DML, DDL, DCL, TCL
• What is the usage of ANSI standard
• SELECT Command – Column Alias Rules, String data
• Concatenations with various data
• Null Value handling with number and characters
• Arithmetic Operator
• Concatenation Operator
• Eliminating Duplicate Rows

SECTION3: RESTRICTING AND SORTING DATA

• WHERE Clause – Character Strings and Dates, number
• General Comparison Conditions = > >= < <= <>
• Other Comparison BETWEEN , IN , LIKE , NULL
• Logical Conditions AND OR NOT
• ORDER BY Clause, Sorting by Column Alias , Column Position, Multiple Columns

SECTION4: SINGLE-ROW FUNCTIONS

• Character Functions: UPPER, LOWER, INITCAP, LENGTH, SUBSTR, INSTR, LPAD, RPAD, CONCAT, LTRIM, RTRIM, TRIM, REPLACE, TRANSLATE, REVERSE
• Number Functions: ROUND, TRUNC, MOD, POWER, CEIL , FLOOR, ABS
• Dates Functions: SYSDATE, MONTHS_BETWEEN, NEXT_DAY, LAST_DAY, ADD_MONTHS, ROUND, TRUNC, Arithmetic on Date
• Conversion Functions: Implicit Data-Type Conversion & Explicit Data-Type Conversion, TO_CHAR ,TO_NUMBER ,TO_DATE
• General Functions: NVL , NVL2 , NULLIF, COALESCE
• CASE Expression, DECODE
• Nested function with real-time usage

SECTION5: JOINS

• EQUI JOIN / SIMPLE JOIN / NORMAL JOIN
• ANSI JOIN, LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, FULL OUTER
• NATURAL JOIN, NATURAL OUTER JOINS
• INNER JOIN, JOIN … USING clause, JOIN … ON clause
• CROSS JOIN, NON-EQUI JOIN, SELF JOIN
• ORACLE STANDARD OUTER JOINS
• Multi table Joins, Complex Joins €“ How to simplified complex joins

SECTION6: MULTI-ROW FUNCTIONS

• Group Functions Rules, SUM, MIN, MAX, COUNT, AVG
• Creating Groups of Data: GROUP BY Clause
• Filtering Group Results: The HAVING Clause

SECTION7: SUB-QUERIES

• Single-Row Subqueries- Rules, Operators : = > >= < <= <>
• Null Values in a Subquery
• Multi-Row Subqueries- Rules, Operators : IN, ANY , ALL

SECTION8: REPORTING DATA USING INTERFACE COMMANDS

• Pagesize, linesize , column heading , column format , colsep
• tTitle , bTitle , break on column, spool , CSV file generation, Text file generation

SECTION9: DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE DML AND TRANSACTION CONTROL LANGUAGE TCL

• DML : INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, MERGE
• TCL : COMMIT, ROLLBACK, SAVEPOINT

SECTION10: DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE – DDL

• DDL : CREATE, ALTER, RENAME, DROP, TRUNCATE
• DEFAULT OPTION
• Constrain table copy

SECTION11: CONSTRAINTS

• NOT NULL, UNIQUE, PRIMARY KEY, FOREIGN KEY, CHECK
• Column Level Constraint, Table Level Constraint €“ Naming constraints and usage
• Adding a Constraint, Dropping a Constraint
• Disabling Constraints, Enabling Constraints
• Validating Constraints

SECTION12: VIEWS

• Simple Views and Complex Views €“ Create, Drop, Source Code
• Rules for Performing DML Operations on a View
• WITH CHECK OPTION , WITH READ ONLY
• Inline Views
• Materialized View €“ Create, Refresh, Drop – Usage

SECTION13: OTHER DATABASE OBJECTS

• Sequence- NEXTVAL and CURRVAL
• Index – When to Create an Index, When Not to Create an Index.
• Synonyms

SECTION14: DCL COMMANDS

• Creating Users
• Granting / Revoking Privileges
• Creating and Granting Privileges to a Role

SECTION15: DICTIONARY TABLES

• Tables, Views, Synonyms, Index, Sequence, Constrains, Source and other Dictionary

SECTION16: SET OPERATORS

• UNION
• UNION ALL
• INTERSECT
• MINUS

SECTION17: ADVANCED DATE-TIME FUNCTIONS

• TIME ZONES
• SYSDATE, SYSTIMESTAMP
• CURRENT_DATE , CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
• SESSIONTIMEZONE
• Storing time zone data in Table
• EXTRACT
• TO_YMINTERVAL

SECTION18: ADVANCED GROUP BY CLAUSE

• Group by with ROLLUP
• Group by with CUBE
• GROUPING SETS

SECTION19: ADVANCED SUBQUERIES

• Pairwise Comparison Subquery
• Nonpairwise Comparison Subquery
• Correlated Subqueries
• Correlated UPDATE
• Correlated DELETE
• EXISTS , NOT EXISTS Operator

SECTION20: HIERARCHICAL RETRIEVAL

• Walking the Tree: From the Bottom Up , From the Top Down
• LEVEL Pseudo column
• Connect by prior

SECTION21: MULTI-TABLE INSERT

• Unconditional INSERT ALL
• Conditional INSERT ALL
• Conditional FIRST INSERT

SECTION22: DATA LOADER

• SQLLDR €“ Loading CSV file / Flat file into ORACLE table.

SECTION23: ANALYTIC FUNCTIONS

• WM_CONCAT, LAG, LEAD, RANK, DENSE_RANK
• Query_by partition_clause with sum, min, max, avg, count
• order_by_clause with sum, min, max, avg, count
• Psudo column : Rownum, Rowid, – Elimination duplicate data
• Connect by rownum , Connect by Level €“ Generating random numbers, random dates
• Quote Operator syntax and usage

SECTION24: BACKUP

• Export / Import SCHEMA

SECTION25: GENERAL DISCUSSION

• What is migration?
• Migration Estimating, Planning, Preparation €“ Simple Scenario / Complex Scenario.

ANALYTIC SQL TRAINING COURSE MODULES

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SECTION1: GROUPING AND AGGREGATING DATA USING SQL

• Generating Reports by Grouping Related Data
• Review of Group Functions
• Reviewing GROUP BY and HAVING Clause
• Using the ROLLUP and CUBE Operators
• Using the GROUPING Function
• Working with GROUPING SET Operators and Composite Columns
• Using Concatenated Groupings with Example

SECTION2: HIERARCHICAL RETRIEVAL

• Using Hierarchical Queries
• Sample Data from the EMPLOYEES Table
• Natural Tree Structure
• Hierarchical Queries: Syntax
• Walking the Tree: Specifying the Starting Point
• Walking the Tree: Specifying the Direction of the Query
• Using the WITH Clause
• Hierarchical Query Example: Using the CONNECT BY Clause

SECTION3: WORKING WITH REGULAR EXPRESSIONS

• Introducing Regular Expressions
• Using the Regular Expressions Functions and Conditions in SQL and PL/SQL
• Introducing Metacharacters
• Using Metacharacters with Regular Expressions
• Regular Expressions Functions and Conditions: Syntax
• Performing a Basic Search Using the REGEXP_LIKE Condition
• Finding Patterns Using the REGEXP_INSTR Function
• Extracting Substrings Using the REGEXP_SUBSTR Function

SECTION4: ANALYZING AND REPORTING DATA USING SQL

• Overview of SQL for Analysis and Reporting Functions
• Using Analytic Functions
• Using the Ranking Functions
• Using Reporting Functions

SECTION5: PERFORMING PIVOTING AND UNPIVOTING OPERATIONS

• Performing Pivoting Operations
• Using the PIVOT and UNPIVOT Clauses
• Pivoting on the QUARTER Column: Conceptual Example
• Performing Unpivoting Operations
• Using the UNPIVOT Clause Columns in an UNPIVOT Operation
• Creating a New Pivot Table: Example

SECTION6: PATTERN MATCHING USING SQL

• Row Pattern Navigation Operations
• Handling Empty Matches or Unmatched Rows
• Excluding Portions of the Pattern from the Output
• Expressing All Permutations
• Rules and Restrictions in Pattern Matching
• Examples of Pattern Matching

SECTION7: MODELING DATA USING SQL

• Using the MODEL clause
• Demonstrating Cell and Range References
• Using the CV Function
• Using FOR Construct with IN List Operator, incremental values and Subqueries
• Using Analytic Functions in the SQL MODEL Clause
• Distinguishing Missing Cells from NULLs
• Using the UPDATE, UPSERT and UPSERT ALL Options
• Reference Models

SQL STATEMENT TUNING TRAINING COURSE MODULES

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SECTION1: EXPLORING THE ORACLE DATABASE ARCHITECTURE

• Describe the major architectural components of Oracle Database server
• Explain memory structures
• Describe background processes
• Correlate logical and physical storage structures

SECTION2: INTRODUCTION TO SQL TUNING

• Describe what attributes of a SQL statement can make it perform poorly
• Describe the Oracle tools that can be used to tune SQL
• Explain the tuning tasks

SECTION3: INTRODUCTION TO THE OPTIMIZER

• Describe the execution steps of a SQL statement
• Explain the need for an optimizer
• Explain the various phases of optimization
• Control the behavior of the optimizer

SECTION4: INTERPRETING EXECUTION PLANS

• Gather execution plans
• Display execution plans, display xplan
• Interpret execution plans

SECTION5: APPLICATION TRACING

• Configure the SQL Trace facility to collect session statistics
• Use the trcsess utility to consolidate SQL trace files
• Format trace files using the tkprof utility
• Interpret the output of the tkprof command

SECTION6: OPTIMIZER OPERATIONS

• Describe the SQL operations for tables and indexes
• Describe the possible access paths for tables and indexes

SECTION7: OPTIMIZER: JOIN OPERATIONS

• Describe the SQL operations for joins
• Describe the possible access paths for joins

SECTION8: OTHER OPTIMIZER OPERATIONS

• Describe Clusters, In-List, Sorts, Filters and Set Operations
• Use Result Cache operations

SECTION9: CASE STUDY: STAR TRANSFORMATION

• Define a star schema, a star query plan without transformation and a star query plan after transformation

SECTION10: OPTIMIZER STATISTICS

• Gather optimizer statistics
• Gather system statistics
• Set statistic preferences
• Use dynamic sampling
• Manipulate optimizer statistics

SECTION11: USING BIND VARIABLES

• Explain the benefits of using bind variables
• Use bind peeking
• Use adaptive cursor sharing

SECTION12: SQL TUNING ADVISOR

• Describe statement profiling
• Use SQL Tuning Advisor

SECTION13: USING SQL ACCESS ADVISOR

• Use SQL Access Advisor

SECTION14: AUTOMATING SQL TUNING

• Use Automatic SQL Tuning

SECTION15: SQL PLAN MANAGEMENT

• Manage SQL performance through changes
• Set up SQL Plan Management
• Set up various SQL Plan Management scenarios

SECTION16: USING OPTIMIZER HINTS

• Use hints when appropriate
• Specify hints for Optimizer mode, Query transformation, Access path, Join orders, Join methods and Views

SECTION17: PARALLEL PROCESSING CONCEPTS

• Explain what parallel processing is and why is it useful

SECTION18: BASICS OF PARALLEL EXECUTION

• Describe operations that can be parallelized
• Explain parallel execution theory
• Understand impact of initiali zation parameter on parallel execution

SECTION19: MANUAL DOP MANAGEMENT

• Understand an explain plan of a parallel query
• Understand an explain plan of parallel DML and DDL

SECTION20: SIMPLIFIED AUTO DOP

• Understand the new parameters of Auto DOP
• Explain when to use Auto DOP
• Use Auto DOP

SECTION21: STATEMENT QUEUING

• Explain statement queuing, concurrency and DBRM

SECTION22: IN-MEMORY PARALLEL EXECUTION

• Use in-memory parallel execution

SECTION23: PARTITIONING CONCEPTS

• Explain the available partitioning strategies
• Explain partition pruning
• Implement partition enhancements in star query optimization

SECTION24: MATERIALIZED VIEWS

• Use summaries to improve performance
• Differentiate materialized view types

ORACLE PL/SQL TRAINING COURSE MODULES

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SECTION1: INTRODUCTION

• Course Objectives
• Course Agenda
• Human Resources (HR) Schema
• Introduction to SQL Developer

SECTION2: INTRODUCTION TO PL/SQL

• PL/SQL Overview
• Benefits of PL/SQL Subprograms
• Overview of the Types of PL/SQL blocks
• Create a Simple Anonymous Block
• Generate Output from a PL/SQL Block

SECTION3: PL/SQL IDENTIFIERS

• List the different Types of Identifiers in a PL/SQL subprogram
• Usage of the Declarative Section to define Identifiers
• Use variables to store data
• Identify Scalar Data Types
• The %TYPE Attribute
• What are Bind Variables?
• Sequences in PL/SQL Expressions

SECTION4: WRITE EXECUTABLE STATEMENTS

• Describe Basic PL/SQL Block Syntax Guidelines
• Comment Code
• Deployment of SQL Functions in PL/SQL
• How to convert Data Types?
• Nested Blocks
• Identify the Operators in PL/SQL

SECTION5: INTERACTION WITH THE ORACLE SERVER

• Invoke SELECT Statements in PL/SQL to Retrieve data
• Data Manipulation in the Server Using PL/SQL
• SQL Cursor concept
• Usage of SQL Cursor Attributes to Obtain Feedback on DML
• Save and Discard Transactions

SECTION6: CONTROL STRUCTURES

• Conditional processing Using IF Statements
• Conditional processing Using CASE Statements
• Use simple Loop Statement
• Use While Loop Statement
• Use For Loop Statement
• Describe the Continue Statement

SECTION7: COMPOSITE DATA TYPES

• Use PL/SQL Records
• The %ROWTYPE Attribute
• Insert and Update with PL/SQL Records
• Associative Arrays (INDEX BY Tables)
• Examine INDEX BY Table Methods
• Use INDEX BY Table of Records

SECTION8: EXPLICIT CURSORS

• What are Explicit Cursors?
• Declare the Cursor
• Open the Cursor
• Fetch data from the Cursor
• Close the Cursor
• Cursor FOR loop
• Explicit Cursor Attributes
• FOR UPDATE Clause and WHERE CURRENT Clause

SECTION9: EXCEPTION HANDLING

• Understand Exceptions
• Handle Exceptions with PL/SQL
• Trap Predefined Oracle Server Errors
• Trap Non-Predefined Oracle Server Errors
• Trap User-Defined Exceptions
• Propagate Exceptions
• RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR Procedure

SECTION10: STORED PROCEDURES AND FUNCTIONS

• Understand Stored Procedures and Functions
• Differentiate between anonymous blocks and subprograms
• Create a Simple Procedure
• Create a Simple Procedure with IN parameter
• Create a Simple Function
• Execute a Simple Procedure
• Execute a Simple Function

SECTION11: CREATE STORED PROCEDURES

• Create a Modularized and Layered Subprogram Design
• Modularize Development With PL/SQL Blocks
• Describe the PL/SQL Execution Environment
• Identity the benefits of Using PL/SQL Subprograms
• List the differences Between Anonymous Blocks and Subprograms
• Create, Call, and Remove Stored Procedures Using the CREATE Command and SQL Developer
• Implement Procedures Parameters and Parameters Modes
• View Procedures Information Using the Data Dictionary Views and SQL Developer

SECTION12: CREATE STORED FUNCTIONS

• Create, Call, and Remove a Stored Function Using the CREATE Command and SQL Developer
• Identity the advantages of Using Stored Functions in SQL Statements
• List the steps to create a stored function
• Implement User-Defined Functions in SQL Statements
• Identity the restrictions when calling Functions from SQL statements
• Control Side Effects when calling Functions from SQL Expressions
• View Functions Information

SECTION13: CREATE PACKAGES

• Identity the advantages of Packages
• Describe Packages
• List the components of a Package
• Develop a Package
• How to enable visibility of a Package€™s components?
• Create the Package Specification and Body Using the SQL CREATE Statement and SQL Developer
• Invoke Package Constructs
• View PL/SQL Source Code Using the Data Dictionary

SECTION14: PACKAGES

• Overloading Subprograms in PL/SQL
• Use the STANDARD Package
• Use Forward Declarations to Solve Illegal Procedure Reference
• Implement Package Functions in SQL and Restrictions
• Persistent State of Packages
• Persistent State of a Package Cursor
• Control Side Effects of PL/SQL Subprograms
• Invoke PL/SQL Tables of Records in Packages

SECTION15: IMPLEMENT ORACLE-SUPPLIED PACKAGES IN APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT

• What are Oracle-Supplied Packages?
• Examples of Some of the Oracle-Supplied Packages
• How Does the DBMS_OUTPUT Package Work?
• Use the UTL_FILE Package to Interact With Operating System Files
• Invoke the UTL_MAIL Package
• Write UTL_MAIL Subprograms

SECTION16: DYNAMIC SQL

• The Execution Flow of SQL
• What is Dynamic SQL?
• Declare Cursor Variables
• Dynamically executing a PL/SQL Block
• Configure Native Dynamic SQL to Compile PL/SQL Code
• Invoke DBMS_SQL Package
• Implement DBMS_SQL with a Parameterized DML Statement
• Dynamic SQL Functional Completeness

SECTION17: DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS FOR PL/SQL CODE

• Standardize Constants and Exceptions
• Understand Local Subprograms
• Write Autonomous Transactions
• Implement the NOCOPY Compiler Hint
• Invoke the PARALLEL_ENABLE Hint
• The Cross-Session PL/SQL Function Result Cache
• The DETERMINISTIC Clause with Functions
• Usage of Bulk Binding to Improve Performance

SECTION18: TRIGGERS

• Describe Triggers
• Identify the Trigger Event Types and Body
• Business Application Scenarios for Implementing Triggers
• Create DML Triggers Using the CREATE TRIGGER Statement and SQL Developer
• Identify the Trigger Event Types, Body, and Firing (Timing)
• Statement Level Triggers Versus Row Level Triggers
• Create Instead of and Disabled Triggers
• How to Manage, Test, and Remove Triggers?

SECTION19: CREATE COMPOUND, DDL, AND EVENT DATABASE TRIGGERS

• What are Compound Triggers?
• Identify the Timing-Point Sections of a Table Compound Trigger
• Compound Trigger Structure for Tables and Views
• Implement a Compound Trigger to Resolve the Mutating Table Error
• Compare Database Triggers to Stored Procedures
• Create Triggers on DDL Statements
• Create Database-Event and System-Event Triggers
• System Privileges Required to Manage Triggers

SECTION20: THE PL/SQL COMPILER

• What is the PL/SQL Compiler?
• Describe the Initialization Parameters for PL/SQL Compilation
• List the New PL/SQL Compile Time Warnings
• Overview of PL/SQL Compile Time Warnings for Subprograms
• List the benefits of Compiler Warnings
• List the PL/SQL Compile Time Warning Messages Categories
• Setting the Warning Messages Levels: Using SQL Developer, PLSQL_WARNINGS Initialization Parameter, and the DBMS_WARNING Package Subprograms
• View Compiler Warnings: Using SQL Developer, SQL*Plus, or the Data Dictionary Views

SECTION21: MANAGE PL/SQL CODE

• What Is Conditional Compilation?
• Implement Selection Directives
• Invoke Predefined and User-Defined Inquiry Directives
• The PLSQL_CCFLAGS Parameter and the Inquiry Directive
• Conditional Compilation Error Directives to Raise User-Defined Errors
• The DBMS_DB_VERSION Package
• Write DBMS_PREPROCESSOR Procedures to Print or Retrieve Source Text
• Obfuscation and Wrapping PL/SQL Code

SECTION22: MANAGE DEPENDENCIES

• Overview of Schema Object Dependencies
• Query Direct Object Dependencies using the USER_DEPENDENCIES View
• Query an Object€™s Status
• Invalidation of Dependent Objects
• Display the Direct and Indirect Dependencies
• Fine-Grained Dependency Management in Oracle Database 11g
• Understand Remote Dependencies
• Recompile a PL/SQL Program Unit

SECTION23: DESIGNING PL/SQL CODE

• Describe the predefined data types
• Create subtypes based on existing types for an application
• List the different guidelines for cursor design
• Cursor variables

SECTION24: USING COLLECTIONS

• Overview of collections
• Use Associative arrays
• Use Nested tables
• Use VARRAYs
• Compare nested tables and VARRAYs
• Write PL/SQL programs that use collections
• Use Collections effectively

SECTION25: MANIPULATING LARGE OBJECTS

• Describe a LOB object
• Use BFILEs
• Use DBMS_LOB.READ and DBMS_LOB.WRITE to manipulate LOBs
• Create a temporary LOB programmatically with the DBMS_LOB package
• Introduction to SecureFile LOBs
• Use SecureFile LOBs to store documents
• Convert BasicFile LOBs to SecureFile LOB format
• Enable reduplication and compression

SECTION26: USING ADVANCED INTERFACE METHODS

• Calling External Procedures from PL/SQL
• Benefits of External Procedures
• C advanced interface methods
• Java advanced interface methods

SECTION27: PERFORMANCE AND TUNING

• Understand and influence the compiler
• Tune PL/SQL code
• Enable intra unit inlining
• Identify and tune memory issues
• Recognize network issues

SECTION28: IMPROVING PERFORMANCE WITH CACHING

• Describe result caching
• Use SQL query result cache
• PL/SQL function cache
• Review PL/SQL function cache considerations

SECTION29: ANALYZING PL/SQL CODE

• Finding Coding Information
• Using DBMS_DESCRIBE
• Using ALL_ARGUMENTS
• Using DBMS_UTILITY.FORMAT_CALL_STACK
• Collecting PL/Scope Data
• The USER/ALL/DBA_IDENTIFIERS Catalog View
• DBMS_METADATA Package

SECTION30: PROFILING AND TRACING PL/SQL CODE

• Tracing PL/SQL Execution
• Tracing PL/SQL Steps

SECTION31: IMPLEMENTING VPD WITH FINE-GRAINED ACCESS CONTROL

• Understand how fine-grained access control works overall
• Describe the features of fine-grained access control
• Describe an application context
• Create an application context
• Set an application context
• List the DBMS_RLS procedures
• Implement a policy
• Query the dictionary views holding information on fine-grained access

SECTION32: SAFEGUARDING YOUR CODE AGAINST SQL INJECTION ATTACKS

• SQL Injection Overview
• Reducing the Attack Surface
• Avoiding Dynamic SQL
• Using Bind Arguments
• Filtering Input with DBMS_ASSERT
• Designing Code Immune to SQL Injections
• Testing Code for SQL Injection Flaws

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